Indoor air quality is an important aspect of our health and well-being, unfortunately it is often overlooked. Do you ever wonder what is in the air that you breathe around you? Is there is anything harmful you may not be aware of? Many common indoor air pollutants can contribute to health problems ranging from minor irritations to serious illnesses. But don’t fret! There are ways to identify them and protect yourself. Here are the top 10 common indoor air pollutants and practical tips on how to reduce them. 

1. Dust and Dust Mites 

What it is: Dust is composed of tiny particles from various sources, including dead skin cells, hair, and fabric fibers. Dust mites are microscopic organisms that thrive in dusty environments. 

How to reduce: 

  • Vacuum regularly using a vacuum with a HEPA filter. 
  • Wash bedding and curtains frequently in hot water. 
  • Use dust-proof covers on pillows and mattresses. 

2. Pet Dander 

What it is: Pet dander consists of tiny, even microscopic, flecks of skin shed by cats, dogs, rodents, birds, and other animals with fur or feathers. 

How to reduce: 

  • Bathe and groom pets regularly. 
  • Use air purifiers with HEPA filters. 
  • Regular cleaning and vacuuming of surfaces.  

3. Mold and Mildew 

What it is: Mold and mildew are fungi that thrive in damp environments, releasing spores into the air that can cause respiratory issues. 

How to reduce: 

  • Fix leaks and control humidity levels using dehumidifiers.
  • Clean and dry any damp or wet areas within 24-48 hours. 
  • Use mold-killing cleaners in bathrooms and kitchens. 

4. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) 

What it is: VOCs are chemicals emitted as gases from certain solids or liquids, such as paints, cleaning supplies, and pesticides. 

How to reduce: 

  • Use low-VOC or VOC-free products. 
  • Increase ventilation when using products that emit VOCs. 
  • Store products containing VOCs in well-ventilated areas. 

5. Tobacco Smoke 

What it is: Tobacco smoke contains thousands of chemicals, many of which are harmful. 

How to reduce: 

  • Prohibit smoking indoors. 
  • Use air purifiers to help reduce smoke particles. 
  • Encourage smoking cessation. 

6. Carbon Monoxide (CO) 

What it is: Carbon Monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas produced by burning fossil fuels, which can be extremely toxic in high concentrations. 

How to reduce: 

  • Install CO detectors near sleeping areas and in rooms with fuel-burning appliances. 
  • Ensure proper ventilation for gas appliances. 
  • Never use a gas stove or oven to heat your home. 

7. Radon 

What it is: Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can enter homes through cracks in the foundation. 

How to reduce: 

  • Test your home for radon levels. 
  • Seal cracks in floors and walls. 
  • Increase ventilation in basements and crawl spaces. 

8. Asbestos 

What it is: Asbestos is a mineral fiber once commonly used in building materials, which can cause lung disease if inhaled. 

How to reduce: 

  • Have a professional inspect your home if it was built before 1980. 
  • Do not disturb materials that may contain asbestos. 
  • Hire certified professionals to remove asbestos. 

9. Lead 

What it is: Lead can be found in old paint, dust, and soil, and can cause serious health problems, especially in children. 

How to reduce: 

  • Test for lead in older homes. 
  • Keep homes free of dust and use wet cleaning methods. 
  • Ensure children do not have access to peeling paint or chewable surfaces painted with lead-based paint that may contain this harmful pollutant. 

10. Pesticides 

What it is: Pesticides used for pest control can linger in the air and on surfaces, posing health risks. 

How to reduce: 

  • Use non-chemical pest control methods when possible. 
  • Apply pesticides according to the manufacturer’s instructions. 
  • Ventilate the area well after using pesticides.